Application of synchrophasor measurements for improving situational awareness of the power system

The paper focuses on the application of synchrophasor measurements that present unprecedented benefits compared to SCADA systems in order to facilitate the successful transformation of the Nordic-Baltic-and-European electric power system to operate with large amounts of renewable energy sources and improve situational awareness of the power system. The article describes new functionalities of visualisation tools to estimate a grid inertia level in real time with monitoring results between Nordic and Baltic power systems

Implementation of quasi-static time series simulations for analysis of the impact of electric vehicles on the grid

© 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.In this paper, symmetrical electric vehicle charging impacts in existing low-voltage distribution grid are investigated throughout proposed methodology and their results analysed. Symmetrical loading- and voltage-related impacts are assessed for the extensive grid. A synthetic EV mix pattern was used with the purpose to demonstrate a universal observation of charging impacts. These patterns were allocated quasi-randomly to the points of common coupling within the grid based on predefined scenarios - 8, 10, 12 and 20 percent. Subsequently, quasi-static time series simulations for a duration of one year in 10-minute time steps were executed. Consequently, this paper yields results, which offer practical insight in the maximum share of electric vehicle charging in low-voltage distribution grids and provide guidance for future decision-making of distribution grid operators

Detection of frequency deviations for monitoring of power systems

​© 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.In this work an algorithm for identification of power system frequency deviation is presented. The proposed approach can be used to monitor frequency measurements from syncrophasor measurement units (PMU) and to store data only for important events and save storage in the local server. The detection algorithm use a sliding window that rise a flag if the measured frequency deviates from a predefined set point. If the alarm flag is constant over several sliding windows, an event is captured and locally stored for further analysis. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, real PMU measurements from the Swiss power system are used as input

Economically efficient design of market for system services under the web-of-cells architecture

Significant power sector developments beyond 2020 will require changing our approach towards electricity balancing paradigms and architectures. Presently, new electricity balancing concepts are being developed. Implementation of these in practice will depend on their timeliness, consistency and adaptability to the market. With the purpose of tailoring the concepts to practice, the development of a balancing market is of crucial importance. This article deals with this issue. It aims at developing of a high-level economically efficient market design for the procurement of system balancing products within the Web-of-Cells architecture. Literature and comparative analysis methods are applied to implement the aim. The analysis results show that a more efficient balancing capacity allocation process should be carried out in a competitive way with closer allocation time to real-time, especially with increased penetration of renewable energy sources. Bid time units, the timing of the market, procurement and remuneration schemes as well pricing mechanisms are the most decisive elements of the market. Their respective advantages and disadvantages are analyzed in the article, as well as their analysis is done against the selected assessment criteria. The results of the analysis show that seeking to improve the operational efficiency of the market, the sequential approach to the market organization should be selected and short-term market time units should be chosen. It is expected that price efficiency could be improved by establishing an organized market where standardized system balancing products should be traded. The balance service providers, who own capital expenditures (CAPEX) sensitive production units, should be remunerated both for the availability of balancing capacities and for their utilization. Uniform pricing rule and cascading procurement principal should be applied to improve the utilization efficiency

Investigation of harmonic issues in distribution grids due to high share of electric vehicles

© 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.With the advent of power electronics, the application of solid-state electronics for the control and conversion of electric power is substantially increasing at the expenses of simple rotating machines and linear loads. This leads to power quality problems due to the sinewave distortion of current and voltage caused by such power-electronics-based equipment. Consequently, the investigation and understanding of harmonic emissions caused by those devices become of major importance in order to assure a continuous and reliable operation of the electrical distribution grid. The following paper aims to investigate the harmonic issues in distribution grids, due to power electronic devices with particular focus on electric vehicle chargers

Investigation of local voltage control solutions for the integration of renewable power sources into the low-voltage networks

​© 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.This paper is devoted to the problem of voltage limits violations in low-voltage networks with high share of photovoltaic power plants and provides a vision and comparison of different technologies based on their advantages and disadvantages and classification of technical methods for performing cost effective control in the various distribution grids categories. It was carried out based on the proposed methodology, which covers a wide range of technical solutions, to have a clear comparative analysis between different solutions. Technical and economical comparison between the results gained from the load flow calculations in Matpower and the additional functionalities provided from the OpenDSS were used to classify smart grid solutions for various low voltage distribution grids categories and to generate the ranking matrix

Energy model for municipality flexibility investigation

Electrifying the energy system with heat pumps and electric vehicles is a strategy of many countries to reduce CO2 emissions. Large electrification, however, poses several new challenges for the electricity system, particularly in combination with a simultaneous substitution of nuclear power plants by volatile renewables such as photovoltaics. The increasing consumption of electricity and the growing number of installed photovoltaic systems are pushing the existing electrical grid to its limits. Today’s grid must be expanded with smart controllers and their components regulated. For this purpose, an understanding of the flexible participants such as boilers, heat pumps and electric vehicles, but also of the new production facilities such as photovoltaic systems must be built up. The aim of this work is to develop an energy model in which the change of these components can be simulated and analysed. To achieve this, data such as weather data, installed boiler capacities, installed photovoltaic capacities, heat pump data and installed vehicle charging stations were collected over the entire municipality. Afterwards, a load profile generator was created, which is supposed to generate a suitable profile over a day for different weather conditions, weekdays and holidays

Inter-area oscillation damping in a scaled version of the Kundur's two area power system

The increasing deployment of new technologies to contribute to the decarbonization of power systems is imposing new challenges in terms of system dynamics and stability. To deal with different operating and control issues in this sense, and support actual needs, advanced tools and solutions are required. Therefore, this poster presents a two-stage approach to test and validate controller structures to damp inter-area oscillations, developed within the ISGAN SIRFN PST subtask: Stability of Low-inertia transmission interconnections

Digital twin development of a dynamic hardware emulator

The increasing deployment of new technologies to contribute to the decarbonization of power systems is imposing new challenges in terms of system dynamics and stability. To deal with different operating and control issues in this sense, and support actual needs, advanced tools and solutions are required. Therefore, this paper presents a digital twin of a dynamic hardware emulator that can be used for controller hardware in the loop (CHIL) testing and is based on a small-scale laboratory system. To build the simulation model, the parameters of involved synchronous machines, excitation systems, prime movers and transmission lines have been identified and then compared to laboratory measurements to assess the accuracy of the digital twin. Static and dynamic accuracy have been investigated and an overall good accuracy can be shown with the help of quantification of errors. Furthermore, a case study is presented where the digital twin was used to design a controller to damp inter-area oscillations with the help of wide area measurements. This controller was then implemented and tested within the dynamic hardware emulator in the laboratory

Flexibility utilisation of municipalities to optimally use the electricity grid

Electrifying the energy system with heat pumps and electric vehicles is a strategy of many countries to reduce CO2 emissions. Large electrification, however, poses several new challenges for the electricity system, particularly in combination with a simultaneous substitution of nuclear power plants by volatile renewables such as photovoltaics. The increasing consumption of electricity and the growing number of installed photovoltaic systems are pushing the existing electrical grid to its limits. Today’s grid must be expanded with smart controllers and their components regulated. For this purpose, an understanding of flexible participants such as boilers, heat pumps and electric vehicles, and new production facilities such as photovoltaic systems must be built up. The aim of this poster is to present municipality flexibility potential and the proposed energy scheduler for flexible loads shifting to the optimal place, considering defined restrictions. The results are used to calculate the new parameters for the locally installed model predictive controllers, which control appliances according to the scheduler setpoints, to optimally utilise flexibilities for peak shaving